The introduction of CNC machining radically changed the manufacturing industry. CNC is an abbreviation that means computer numerical control.

This computer controller reads G-code and M-code, transmitting commands and driving a machine tool. It numerically directs a cutting tool in the work envelope of a machine tool. A machine tool is a mechanical device designed to fabricate metal components of machines. In this case, the term “tool” is used to indicate that the functioning power of those machines comes from a mechanical source.

CNC was preceded by Numerically Controlled (NC) machines that were developed in the late 1940s. The first CNC systems used NC style hardware. At that period computers were used for calculations and sometimes for editing. With the use of CNC, it is much easier to cut curves as straight lines, to produce 3-D structures and so on. Furthermore, with the enlargement of the CNC machining system, the need for human resources was reduced, which has its positive impacts on work quality.

The considerable performance of CNC machining manufacturing led to increased automation, bringing great improvements in quality and consistency without adding operators’ stress. The frequency of errors is reduced, and CNC operators have more opportunities to realize additional tasks.